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In pipelines we trust
The addition of an oil pipeline to the Power of Siberia 2 gas project could ensure deliveries of Russian oil to China, materially shorten logistics lines between West Siberia and final customers, and—amid disruption in the Strait of Hormuz—offer a land-based export route that reduces exposure to maritime chokepoints
Letter from the US: Oil refining gets a do-over
It is an unusual story of out with the new and in with the old, as America First Refining shows the US going back to trusted energy security developments
Rethinking the Middle East oil topography
The regional crisis highlights the undervalued role of fixed pipelines in the age of tanker flexibility
Indian refiners prove their adaptability
A strategic pivot away from Russian crude in recent weeks tees up the possibility of improved US-India trade relations
Venezuela upends global heavy crude market
The ripple effects of US refiners switching to Venezuela grades will be felt from Canada to China and everywhere in between
Oil’s tanker transformation
The global maritime oil transport sector enters 2026 facing a rare convergence of crude oversupply, record newbuild deliveries and the potential easing of several geopolitical disruptions that have shaped trade flows since 2022
Kurdistan starts to deliver on oil promise
Gulf Keystone looks to a ‘transformational’ 2026, with the oil producer upbeat for the region should all the vested interests keep their eyes on the prize
India’s refining project strengthens ties to Mongolia
The Central Asian country’s first oil refinery is being funded by a $1.7b line of credit from New Delhi, but routes in and out of the country remain controlled by Russia and China
Canada’s Asian pivot faces hurdles
The federal government is working with Alberta to improve the country’s access to Asian markets and reduce dependence on the US, but there are challenges to their plans
Turkmenistan's pipe dream
Construction of the pipeline in Afghanistan is making tangible progress, but extending it into Pakistan and India remains unrealistic for political reasons
Outlook 2025
Midstream
Lee Nichols,
Vice-president, content,
Gulf Energy Information
10 January 2025
Follow @PetroleumEcon
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Outlook 2025: Asia continues to dominate hydrocarbon processing investment

The region accounts for the biggest share in terms of capital investment in the $2t market

The world’s population is projected to increase from nearly 8b in 2024 to approximately 9.8b by 2050, according to the UN. This stark rise—combined with an increase in the global urbanisation rate—will significantly boost primary energy consumption. Although renewable energy is forecast to see the highest growth rate in energy consumption to 2050, crude oil is projected to retain the largest market share within the forecast period. For example, according to OPEC’s World Oil Outlook 2023, renewable energy consumption is forecast to increase by up to 34% between 2022 and 2045, while oil and natural gas are expected to grow by approximately 15% and 20% respectively. However, renewable energy co

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