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Explainer: What do Russia’s oil giants own overseas?
Time is running out for Lukoil and Rosneft to divest international assets that will be mostly rendered useless to them when the US sanctions deadline arrives in mid-December
Tax policy will shape Russia’s oil future
The consensus among market observers is that the country’s oil output will fall in the long term. Yet few recognise how Moscow’s shifting tax regime is designed to keep the next barrel commercially viable
The curious case of oil-on-water
The market is facing being drowned in excess crude, but one caveat is that a large chunk is due to buyers reluctant to snap up sanctioned barrels
Lukoil loses its growth prospects
The Russian firm made a significant attempt to expand overseas over the past two decades but is now trying to divest its global operations
Germany under pressure to solve Rosneft refinery problem
The Russian company’s German assets are under Berlin’s management and are exempt from sanctions, for now, but a permanent solution still needs to be found
Explainer: How the EU will wean itself off Russian gas
Questions remain about how the phase-out will be implemented and enforced in practice
Arctic LNG comes in from the cold
Beijing now appears prepared to accept discounted Russian LNG, even at the cost of heightened sanctions risk
Russia’s fuel crisis: Difficult but not catastrophic
International and opposition media claim that two-fifths of the country’s refining capacity is offline, but the true situation is not so dire
Hungary defends Russian energy use
Claims the country lacks alternatives to Russian oil and gas may be exaggerated, although higher costs and reduced security of supply are legitimate concerns.
ExxonMobil’s Russian door remains ajar
While the US oil major has declined to return given the sensitivities over Ukraine, Sakhalin 1 and other energy projects are temptations that will not go away
Nord Stream 2 Russia Donald Trump Angela Merkel Germany
Jason Corcoran
3 August 2018
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Ukraine is key to unlocking Nord Stream 2

Europe’s desire for cheap, stable energy clashes with the political need to maintain cordial US relations and support Ukraine

Political consensus in Europe appears to be shifting on just how to soften the impact of Nord Stream 2 on Ukraine as a transit country, amid continued wrangling over the Russian pipeline. East European and Baltic states fear that the Gazprom project, which would double the existing Nord Stream pipeline's annual capacity of 55bn cubic meters, could increase Europe's reliance on Russian gas and make a serious dent in Ukraine's strained federal coffers. However, Western European powers like Germany and France argue that the additional pipeline is necessary because natural gas is as much as 25% cheaper than liquefied natural gas. The pipeline, which is due to be completed by the end of 2019 or

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